Efflorescence in concrete is a whitish coloured powdered deposition of salts on the concrete surface that is formed due to evaporation of water from the concrete. It is caused when water soluble salts are present in the concrete material, which comes on to the surface while evaporation of water from the concrete. Apr 18, 2013 The third video in our home inspection series, John McPherson of MKT Real Estate Group and Rich Reynolds of Equitable Home Inspections (www.ehipc.com) discuss what efflorescence is.
Defining Efflorescence and Calcium Deposits
First let’s define efflorescence and calcium deposits. Efflorescence is a deposit of a salt that collects on the outside of a material’s surface. Calcium deposits, also referred to as lime buildup, accumulates right below a material’s surface. Both conditions occur when evaporating water pushes minerals in the material towards the surface and can be indicators of water damage.
Physical Characteristics
Efflorescence, a porous substance, looks white and chalky. Since it rests on the surface of a material, efflorescence will darken when splashed with water. Calcium deposits are denser than efflorescence and usually appear as white streaks running down a material’s surface. Because the calcium forms right below a material’s surface, water will not affect its appearance.
How to Clean
Both efflorescence and calcium deposits can be cleaned using a 50/50 mix of white vinegar and water. Using a scrub brush, spot treat affected areas with the vinegar mix. The acidity in the vinegar helps remove the efflorescence and calcium deposits by breaking down mineral crystals. After cleaning the surface, let dry for 48-72 hours (moisture content below 25%).
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Often efflorescence and calcium deposits can be removed without compromising the structure of the material. However, if there is excessive mineral loss the material can become brittle so make sure to replace the surface if this occurs.
How to Prevent
To ensure that the efflorescence and calcium desposits do not come back, seal the surface with two coats of a penetrating Silane / Siloxane water repellent such as RainguardPro’s Micro-Seal®.
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